For parents · Dyslexia

When reading is harder than it should be, find out why.

Dyslexia is a common, specific difficulty with reading and spelling in a child who can otherwise think, listen and learn well. An evaluation pins down what is getting in the way and what kind of reading help will actually work.

What families often notice

Signs worth asking about

  • Slow, effortful reading, or guessing at words instead of sounding them out
  • Spelling that stays hard even after lots of practice
  • Avoiding reading out loud, or homework that takes much longer than it should
  • Understanding a story well when it is read aloud, but not when reading alone
  • Family members who also had trouble learning to read
How schools handle it

Schools usually call it a specific learning disability.

  • California schools rarely use the word dyslexia on an IEP. When dyslexia gets in the way of learning, it is usually addressed under specific learning disability in reading, reading fluency or written expression.
  • Children with dyslexia usually need explicit, step-by-step reading instruction, often called structured literacy, plus accommodations like audiobooks and extra time.
  • A student who needs accommodations but not specialized teaching may be served with a 504 plan.
The evaluation

What Dr. Valentine's evaluation looks at

01

Sound skills

How well your child hears and works with the sounds in words, the foundation of reading.

02

Naming speed

How quickly your child names familiar letters and objects, which is often slow in dyslexia.

03

Decoding

Reading real words and made-up words, which shows whether your child can sound out new words.

04

Fluency and understanding

Reading speed, accuracy and comprehension, compared with how well your child understands when listening.

05

Spelling and writing

Spelling patterns and written expression, which are often affected too.

06

A plan

A written report that explains the pattern and recommends the reading instruction and accommodations that fit.

How to get started

Four steps, in order

01

Ask in writing

Email the school's special education office and ask for a special education assessment. Date it and keep a copy.

02

Know the timeline

In California the school has 15 days to send an assessment plan, not counting breaks over five school days. Once you sign it, the evaluation and IEP meeting must happen within 60 days.

03

Get a second look

If you disagree with the school's evaluation, you can ask for an independent evaluation at the district's expense. How that works

04

Call Dr. Valentine

A free phone call to talk through where you are and what makes sense next.

General information for families, not medical or legal advice. Dr. Valentine serves families outside Kern High School District.

Questions about your child?

A free phone call with Dr. Valentine is the first step.