Parents · Your rights

Your rights in special education.

A plain-language guide to the rights every California parent has when their child is evaluated for, or receives, special education.

Know your rights

12 rights every parent should know

These rights come from federal law (IDEA) and the California Education Code.

01

Written notice

Before the district starts, changes, or refuses to change your child's evaluation, eligibility, placement, or services, it must tell you in writing and explain why.

02

Your consent

The district needs your written consent before your child's first evaluation and before special education services start. You can say no, and you can take back your consent later.

03

Timelines

After a referral, the district has 15 days to give you an assessment plan. You get at least 15 days to review it. Once you sign, the IEP meeting must be held within 60 days, not counting school breaks longer than 5 school days.

04

Be part of every meeting

You are an equal member of the IEP team. You can bring anyone you want, and you can audio-record the meeting if you tell the district at least 24 hours ahead.

05

See your child's records

You can look at and get copies of your child's school records. The district must provide them within 5 business days of your request.

06

An interpreter at no cost

If you need one, the district must provide an interpreter at meetings and give you notices in your language.

07

An independent evaluation

If you disagree with the school's evaluation, you can ask for an Independent Educational Evaluation (IEE) at public expense.

08

Stay put

If you disagree and file for a hearing, your child usually stays in their current placement until the disagreement is settled.

09

Regular reviews

Your child's IEP must be reviewed at least once a year, and your child must be reevaluated at least every 3 years, or sooner if you ask.

10

Discipline protections

Before a school removes your child for more than 10 school days, the team must meet to decide whether the behavior was caused by the disability.

11

A free, appropriate education

Special education and related services, like speech, counseling, or an aide, must be provided at no cost to you.

12

Planning for after high school

By age 16, your child's IEP must include goals and services to prepare for work, college, or independent living.

If you disagree

Your options, from simplest to most formal

  • Ask for an IEP meeting. Many problems can be solved by meeting with the team again.
  • Ask for an IEE. Get a second opinion from an evaluator outside the district.
  • Mediation. A neutral mediator helps you and the district reach an agreement.
  • Due process hearing. A judge from the Office of Administrative Hearings decides the disagreement.
  • State complaint. If the district broke a special education law, you can file a complaint with the California Department of Education within one year.
Official sources

Read the full rules

This page is general information, not legal advice. For help with your child's situation, call Dr. Valentine.

Not sure what your rights mean for your child?

Dr. Valentine can help you understand your options and prepare for your next IEP meeting.